47. but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue survival as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us。

　　解析：句子主干we have drawn near the point。介词短语of admitting that.。。作定语修饰point。其中嵌套了that从句作admit的宾语从句。regardless of.。。作让步状语。a matter of ...。。的问题，大约；draw near 接近，靠近；intrinsic right天生的权利，固有的权利；economic advantage经济利益，经济优势。

　　参考译文：但是我们至少已经几乎承认了这样一种观点：不管鸟类对我们是否有经济利益，生存都是它们的固有权利。

　　48. Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak,or that they prey only on “worthless species。

　　解析：主干time was when...。when引导了表语从句。Time was when可看作固定短语，译为“从前，曾经”。注意两个并列同位语从句的翻译。

　　参考译文：曾几何时，生物学家总是重述以下的这条证据：这些生物通过捕食弱小的动物去维持生物链的正常运行，或它们只是去捕食“没有价值的物种”。

　　49. In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason。

　　解析：句子的主体是“the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community”，包含被动语态。句子开头是一个where引导的定语从句，to be preserved是修饰noncommercial tree species的成分。Within reason合情合理的，理智的。注意被动语态的处理。

　　参考译文：欧洲的林业从生态上讲较为先进，它把没有成为商业化对象的树种视为原始森林群落的成员而适当地加以保护。

　　50. It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning。

　　解析：句子主干“It tends to ignore many elements”；两个that从句意思上转折，句法上为并列的定语从句，修饰the land community。注意插入语、定语从句以及代词指代的处理。

　　参考译文：这一体系容易忽视并最终消灭很多缺乏商业价值的物种，然而这些物种对于整个生物群落的健康运行是至关重要的。

　　Section III Writing

　　51.小作文

　　以研究生会的名义写一封通知，通知的内容是为全球一体化的国际会议招募志愿者，这个通知必须包aa括申请者的基本职位要求及你认为相关的其他信息。写100个字左右，不要在通知末尾写你自己的名字，用“Postgraduates’Association”代替。

　　审题谋篇：

　　本次小作文考察“通知”这一事务公文，“通知”的目的在于督促对方参加活动，具体来讲，是招募志愿者。结构上，只需写题目，正文，署名以及时间即可。语言上，语言应直截了当，简洁明了，可适当使用被动句表达。内容上，题目要求写招募职位，以及相关信息。关于职位，可写涉及前台接待、会场指引、乘车指引、英文翻译等服务的岗位。此外，还可以对志愿者提出要求，志愿者应该工作认真负责、积极主动，具有团队合作精神的，另外还需要沟通能力强，具有较好的英语口语和听力水平等。其他相关信息，可以提及会议时间，地点，将怎样安排志愿者等。

　　参考范文一：

　　Notice

　　Volunteers for the International Conference of Global Integration are wanted. Anyone who is in good command of English and experienced in cross-cultural communication are expected to take part in this activity. The major task for this position are as follows: to begin with, to propaganda the theme of globalization to people all over the world; in addition, to provide E-C interpretation service to those representatives of the international conference, aiming at facilitating the process of the meeting; at last, you should be strictly available according to the time schedule of the conference. Those who are interested in this post are cordially welcome!

　　Postgraduates’ Association

　　参考范文二：

　　Notice

　　The International Conference of Global Integration will be held on September 23 at China Institute of International Studies, and twenty volunteers are wanted among the students in our school。

　　The positions recruited include receptionist, conference guider, transportation guider and English interpreter, and the volunteers are requested to speak fluent English and are expected to be active, open-minded and conscientious. All the volunteers will be trained for 5 days before the conference and provided with free transportation and meal。

　　For those who are interested in taking part in the activity, please send your resume to the email address: postgraduates@zju.cn before September 1.

　　Postgraduates’ Association

　　参考范文三：

　　Announcement

　　Postgraduates’ Association is recently looking for Volunteers for the International Conference of Global Integration. Applicants should be currently studying at the university, and should preferably have the experience of being a part-time volunteer in several international events。

　　The successful applicant will be expected to propaganda the theme of globalization in the city and on campus. The position will commence at the end of May and will last through to the end of August. Fair pay for the position is available and will be based on your experience。

　　If you are interested, please send your resume to the following email: postgraduates@zju.cn before September 1st。

　　Postgraduates’ Association

　　52.大作文

　　Directions:

　　Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

　　1) describe the drawing briefly,

　　2) explain its intended meaning, and then

　　3) give your comments on the phenomenon。

　　You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20points)

　　审题谋篇：

　　本题为图画作文，图片上是一个热气腾腾的火锅，里面包括着诸如“儒学”，“解构”，“人本”，“莎士比亚”，“功夫”等中西文化标志词。下面有一行注释。在审题构思时应该注意：把握好这幅图的象征寓意。火锅中包含着各种各样的文化元素，代表了不同文化的和谐融合，民族的文化可以成为世界的，这一趋势对人类发展是有利的。由此可见，本次作文的主题是文化融合。

　　提纲包括两点，一是描述图片并解释含义，二是对此现象作出评论。文章也可分为三段，第一段：描述图画，描述图片中的各类文化元素。可能用到的词汇是literature,(文学) moral values(道德价值)performing arts(表演艺术)等。

　　第二段：阐释图片含义。最好在段首设置主题句，然后围绕主题句展开。本图片中所显示的文化交流反映了两方面的情况，中国文化对世界文化的渗透，中国的腾飞无疑使中国文化这颗世界文化中的瑰宝更加耀眼。另一方面，中国文化也逐渐受到其他国家文化的影响。

　　第三段：对此现象做出评论。此评论部分可以提出建议，考虑背景及原因，或描述未来，预测未来，也可以讲世界文化融合、交流是时代的潮流，同时还要保持和振兴各族文化。

　　参考范文：

　　The enlightening picture portrays that a hot pot, with numerous ingredients in it, includes such domestic and alien cultures as literature, moral values and performing arts. It seems that the hot pot tastes very delicious because of the rich nutrition of the multi-cultures。

　　Obviously, the picture characterizes the status quo of Chinese society in which Chinese and Western culture conflict with each other but also merge into a unique form to a certain degree. Since China has opened its door widely to the outside world, many people from different countries have been deeply fascinated by Chinese culture. They will accept and love the Chinese culture as a whole. In addition, Chinese culture should be well shared with foreign people, who have shown their enthusiasm towards China. Meanwhile, the Chinese people are also exposed to foreign cultures when more foreign people come to this oriental country. In this way people from various nations in the world will be able to acquire better understanding of each other and live peacefully in this world。

　　In my opinion, the culture of any nation is a kind of precious heritage, and belongs to the whole mankind. With economic globalization, the blending of different cultures has become inevitable trend of the time. No country is an isolated island, be it China or the western world. The clearer we grasp the current situation, the more it would be beneficial to the global villagers。

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