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第6天 2005年考研英语如何翻译并列句(7)

http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/09/15 13:51  中国石化出版社

  


  历年真题分析

  经典例题375 The supply of oil can be shut off unexpectedly at any time,and in any case,the oil wells will all run dry in thirty years or so at the present rate of use.(1991年)

  结构分析:句子的框架是The supply of oil can be shut off…and the oil wells will all run dry…本句由and连接两个单句,表示意思递进;rate这里应译为“速度”。

  参考译文 石油供应可能会随时中断;不管怎样,以目前这种消费速度,只需30年左右,所有的油井都会枯竭。

  经典例题376New sources of energy must be found,and this will take time,but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past.(1991年)

  结构分析:句子的框架是New sources of energy must be found,and this will take time,but it is…any situation that will ever restore that sense…we have had…。本句由and引出单句,紧跟前句,意思递进;but引出长句,意思转折,长句中that引出定语从句修饰ituation,定语从句中又有we have had in the times past定语从句修饰先行词sense;本句中结构it is not likely to…译为“没有可能”。

  参考译文 我们必须找到新的能源,这需要时间;而过去我们感觉到的那种能源价廉而充足的情况将不可能再出现了。

  经典例题377 The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind;it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.(1993年)

  结构分析:句子的框架是The method of scientific investigation is nothing but…;it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given…。本句分号前为长单句,分号后句子与前句并列,意思递进,which引出定语从句修饰mode;结构nothing but译为“只是”。

  参考译文 科学研究的方法不过是人类思维活动的必要表达方式,也就是对一切现象进行思索并给以精确而严谨解释的表达方式。

  经典例题378 You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction(归纳法)and deduction,that by the help of these operations,they,in a sort of sense,manage to extract from nature certain natural laws,and that out of these,by some special skill of their own,they build up their theories.(1993年)

  结构分析:句子的框架是You have all heard it…that…,that…,and that…。句中的it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的三个并列分句:A.that men of science work…and deduction;B.that by the help of these operations,they…manage to…certain natural laws;C.and that…,they…their theories.在第二个分句中,they指代前面的men of science,these operations指前文的means of induction and deduction,operations在这里根据上下文要译成“方法”而不能译成“操作”;在第三个分句中,代词these指代第二个分句中的certain natural laws。

  参考译文 你们都多次听说过,科学家是用归纳法和演绎法工作的,他们用这些方法,在某种意义上说,力求从自然界找出某些自然规律,然后他们根据这些规律,用自己的某种非同一般的本领,建立起他们的理论。

  经典例题379The target is wrong,for in attacking the tests,critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill_informed or incompetent users.(1995年)

  结构分析:句子的框架为The target is wrong,for…critics divert…fault that lie with…。连词for引出表原因的并列分句,分句中that引出定语从句修饰先行词fault。target原意为“目标”,在此句中应根据上下文转译为“把标准化测试作为抨击目标”。lie with原意为“应由某人负责”,这里指“来源于”。

  参考译文 把标准化测试作为抨击目标是错误的,因为在抨击这类测试时,批评者不考虑其弊病来自人们对测试不甚了解或使用不当。

  经典例题380 Astrophysicists working with ground based detectors at the South Pole and balloon borne instruments are closing in on such structures,and may report their findings soon.(1998年)

  结构分析:句子的框架是Astrophysicists…are closing in on such structures,and may report their findings soon。连词and连接前后两句,意思递进;working with…现在分词作为定语修饰astrophysicists;are closing in on such structures译为“对于这些云系的研究在距离上越来越近”。structure不能直译为“结构”,而应根据上下文译为“云系,团状物质”。

  参考译文 天体物理学家使用南极陆基探测器及球载仪器,正越来越近地观测这些云系,也许不久就会报告他们的观测结果。

  经典例题381 Owing to the remarkable development in mass_communications,people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas,while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above.(2000年)

  结构分析:句子的框架是Owing to…,people everywhere are feeling…and are being exposed to,while governments are often forced to…。连词while引出并列句,与前句对比,前句中and连接两个谓语;介词结构owing to作原因状语。want译为“需要”,be exposed to直译为“暴露于”,这里译为“接触”。

  参考译文 大众通讯的显著发展使各地的人们不断感到有新的需求,不断接触到新的习俗和思想,由于上述原因,政府常常得推出更多的革新。

  经典例题382 In the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization with all the far_reaching changes in social patterns that followed was spread over nearly a century,whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so.(2000年)

  结构分析:句子的框架是…the process of industrialization…in social patterns that followed was spread…,whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo…。连词whereas引出并列句,表对比;前句中that followed作定语修饰social patterns;social patterns译为“社会结构”,undergo译为“经历”,这里用“完成”较好。

  参考译文 在先期实现工业化的欧洲国家中,其工业化进程以及随之而来的各种深刻的社会结构变革,持续了大约一个世纪之久,而如今一个发展中国家在十年左右就可能完成这个过程。

  经典例题383 Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips,computers with in_built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools,relaxation will be in front of smell television,and digital age will have arrived.(2001年)

  结构分析:句子的框架是Children will play with…,computers…will be regarded as…,relaxation will be…,and digital age will have arrived。整句是一个四个简单句的并列长句。personality chips译为“个性化芯片”。

  参考译文 儿童将与装有个性化芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍,具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具,人们将在气味电视机前休闲,届时数字化时代就来到了。


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