第1页:50.表示并列关系的并列句该怎样翻译? 第2页:51.表示假设和条件关系的并列句该怎样翻译? 第3页:52.表示选择关系的并列句该怎样翻译? 第4页:53.表示因果关系的并列句该怎样翻译? 第5页:54.表示转折关系的并列句该怎样翻译? 第6页:表示对比关系、递近关系和连贯关系的并列句该怎样翻译? 第7页:历年真题分析 第8页:熟能生巧 第9页:练习和答案

　　经典例题384 But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited，and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their“expectation of life”，the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是But now it is realized that supplies…are limited，and it is even possible to…life”，the time it will take to exhaust…sources and reserves of these materials。that引导的从句与and后句构成并列，前句中it作形式主语，真正主语是that引导的从句，and句中it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式;the time作expectation of life的同位语，同时作其后所跟定语从句的宾语;翻译时，将句子第一部分的被动语态转化为主动语态;同时将同位语宾语作状语翻译。

　　参考译文 可是现在人们意识到，其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的，人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”，也就是说，经过若干年后，这些矿物质的全部已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽。

　　经典例题385 Prior to the twentieth century，women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the male_dominated culture.

　　结构分析:句子的框架为Prior to…，women…were stereotypes of…features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by…culture。and连接前后两句，构成并列。前句中，that引导的定语从句修饰features;后句中，过去分词短语imposed by…culture修饰restrictions，作定语。prior to…翻译为“在…之前”，be subject to翻译为“屈从于”。

　　参考译文 在20世纪以前，小说中的妇女形象都是一个模式。她们没有任何特点，因而无法成为具有个性的人;她们还要屈从于由男性主宰的文化传统强加给她们的种种束缚。

　　经典例题386 If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction，and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment，they would not be so hurt，and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction，and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing…judgment，they would not be so hurt，and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it。整句话使用了虚拟语气;第一个划线and连接条件状语从句中并列的两个谓语，其中第二个谓语中含有一个宾语从句，这个宾语从句的it是形式主语，真正的主语是宾语从句中sign的同位语从句，同位语从句中的and连接两个谓语结构;第二个and连接两个并列主句，by resenting and resisting it方式状语，其中的it指child。

　　参考译文 如果父母对这种青少年的反应有所准备，而且认为这是一个显示出孩子正在发展珍贵的观察力和独立的判断力的标志，他们就不会感到如此伤心，所以也就不会因此有愤恨和反对的情绪而把孩子推到对立面去。

　　经典例题387 Television，it is often said，keeps one informed about current events，allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics，and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是Television，…，keeps one…，allows one to…，and offers an endless series of programmes which are…。主语后跟三个并列的谓语，其中第三个谓语的宾语又跟有一个由which引导的定语从句;it is often said作为插入语，可以放在句首。keep…informed about…翻译为“使…知晓”。

　　参考译文 人们常说，通过电视可以了解时事，掌握科学和政治的最新动态。从电视里还可以看到层出不穷、既有教育意义又有娱乐性的新节目。

　　经典例题388 The rocks which are now forming and which appear to contain small amounts of hydrocarbon capable of developing into oil are generally rocks which are not characteristic of reservoirs for petroleum deposits.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是The rocks which are…and which appear to…are generally rocks which are…。这句话的主语和表语一致，主语有两个并列定语从句修饰，表语也跟有一个定语从句;capable of developing into oil作为形容词短语修饰hydrocarbon;be characteristic of和be characterized by都可翻译为“…的特点是”，或“…具有…的特点”。

　　参考译文 目前正在形成，并似乎含有少量可能形成石油的碳氢化合物的岩石，通常都没有石油储油层的特点。

　　经典例题389 If one could，by asking questions，reliably determines whether the machine or the man is answering the questions，then one would question whether the machine is intelligent or whether it exhibits the same intelligence as the man.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是If one could…，reliably determines whether…questions，then one would question whether or whether it exhibits…。本句是条件句+主句的结构。条件句中，谓语determine跟有whether引导的一个宾语从句，主句的谓语question跟有or连接的两个并列的whether引导的宾语从句;by asking questions作为方式状语修饰determine;question在这里是关键词，翻译为“对…提出质疑”，exhibit可翻译为“显示出”。

　　参考译文 如果观察者能通过提问准确地确定是人还是机器在做出回答，那就不能证明机器是否具有智能或者机器是否具有与人一样的智慧。

　　经典例题390 The last quarter of the twentieth century will be remembered as the era when man acquired new communication channels to other men，to libraries of film and data，and to the prodigious machines.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是The last quarter of the twentieth century will be remembered as the era when man acquired new communication channels to…and to the prodigious machines。本句主语和表语都是时间名词，并且表语有一个when引导的定语从句，定语从句中三个to+名词的介宾结构构成并列;翻译时，将长句拆分为两个句子，即主句和定语从句，并且用“正是在这个时期”时间状语来衔接前后两句。参考译文20世纪的最后25年将成为一个历史的新纪元而被人们所永远怀念;正是在这个时期，人们获得了新的通讯手段来同别人、同图像和数据库系统，以及同复杂的机器打交道。

　　经典例题391 The interpretation of information and of tables should tell us where success or failure lies，where profit can be had and where losses occur.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是The interpretation of information and of tables should tell us where…，where…and where…。本句中tell后跟双宾语us和三个where引导的并列从句;本句主语的翻译要注意of表动宾关系，and连接两个并列的of短语。

　　参考译文 对资料（信息）和报表所做的解释，应能给我们显示出成败之所在，哪里有盈利以及哪里出现了亏损。

　　经典例题392 The satisfaction of killing time and of affording some outlet，however modest，for ambition，belongs to most work，and is sufficient to make even a man whose work is dull happier on the average than a man who has no work at all.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是The satisfaction…，belongs to most work，and is sufficient to make even a man…happier…than a man…。and连接两个主语一致的并列句，前句中主语satisfaction有and连接的两个并列的of+动宾结构修饰，for ambition应跟在outlet后，however modest作为插入语补充说明outlet;后句中不定式的基本结构是to make+宾语+定语从句+宾补+than+同一宾语+定语从句;翻译时，将belong to这个短语的被动意味转化为主动。

　　参考译文 大多数工作给予人们消磨时间的满足感和帮助人们实现哪怕是微不足道的抱负的满足感，这种满足感足以使一个从事枯燥乏味工作的人比一个终日无事可做的人快乐。

　　经典例题393 Over the last couple of decades there have been some important changes in the way peoplethink about languages and how people learn them which have led to the development of an approach called communicative language teaching.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是Over the last couple of decades there have been some important changes…which have led to…approach called…teaching。本句基本句型是个there be句型，there be句中的表语跟有一个定语从句;and连接介词in的两个并列宾语，第一个宾语the way后有定语从句修饰，第二个宾语是how引导的从句;called…过去分词修饰approach;approach在这里不作“靠近”，而翻译为“方法”。

　　参考译文 在过去的几十年里，人们在考虑语言的方式以及如何学习语言的方式上发生了一些重要的变化，这些变化导致了被称作教学法的产生。

　　经典例题394 Scientists reckon that there has been life of some sort on the earth in the form of jelly_ fish（水母）and that kind of creature for about twelve hundred million years;but there have been men for one million years，and there have been civilized men for about eight thousand years at the outside.

　　结构分析:句子的框架为Scientists reckon that there has been life…and that kind of creature…;but there have been men…，and there have been civilized men。本句以分号为界将整句话分为前后两部分，前后两部分形成对比;第一部分动词reckon跟有there be句型的宾语从句，而there be句中又由and连接前后意思递近的两个表语;第二部分同样是there be句型的两个单句，第二个单句在意思上递近;at the outside应翻译为“至多，充其量”，而不是“在外面”。

　　参考译文 科学家推断，地球上有某种生命以水母方式生存了大约12亿年，但人类历史仅有100万年，人类文明的历史充其量也就8000年左右。

　　经典例题395 Because of their intelligence and refusal to conform to society’s anti_intellectural values，many are deprived of a chance to learn adequate social skills and acquire good communication tools.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是Because of their intelligence and refusal to…，many are deprived of a chance to learn…and acquire…。本句是because of的介宾结构作原因状语再加一个简单句;介宾结构中，and连接并列的两个宾语，第二个宾语refusal to do…是refuse to do的名词形式，翻译时不变，仍然是“拒绝做某事”;简单句的宾语chance受and连接的并列的两个不定式修饰;be deprived of翻译为“被剥夺”。参考译文许多孩子因为智力较高和不愿迎合社会上反知识的价值观，而被剥夺了学习足够的社交技能和获得良好交际手段的机会。

　　经典例题396 One can never repay one’s parents，and there’s a sense of obligation or even guilt that is as strong a force among Asians as Protestant philosophy（新教哲学）is in the West.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是One can never repay one’s parents，and there’s a sense of obligation or even guilt that is as strong a force…as Protestant philosophy is…。and连接前后两句，意思上递进;or连接of的两个宾语，共同修饰sense，that引导的定语从句修饰sense，从句中又使用了同级比较。

　　参考译文 一个人永远无法报答他的父母，而且在亚洲人中间还有一种责任感、乃至负罪感，这是一种如同新教哲学在西方一样的强大力量。

　　经典例题397 This tension between the research and lending wings remains in the bank，and is one of several challenges that will need to be overcome if the new strategy is to bear fruit.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是This tension…remains，and is one of several challenges that will need to be overcome if the new strategy is to bear fruit。and连接前后两个句子，表示意思上的承接;前句中research和lending并列修饰wings;后句中有that引导的定语从句修饰challenges和if引导的条件状语从句;is to bear fruit可翻译为“要出成果”，这里翻译为“成功实施”。

　　参考译文 银行内主张开展研究和主张开展借贷业务的两派仍然互不相让，这种紧张状态是新策略成功实施必须克服的几个挑战之一。

　　经典例题398 I went away from the symposium with a strong conviction，more intuitive than rational，that human experimental psychology，theoretical linguistics and computer simulation of cognitive processes were all pieces of larger whole，and that the future world see progressive elaboration and coordination of their shared concerns.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是I went away…with a strong conviction，…，that human experimental psychology…and computer simulation of cognitive processes were all pieces of larger whole，and that the future world see progressive elaboration and coordination of their shared concerns。划线的and前后两个that引导的从句并列作为conviction的同位语从句;第一个从句的三个主语并列，第二个从句中，and连接的elaboration和coordination并列受到their shared concerns的修饰，of表示动宾关系;主句中，more intuitive than rational作为插入成分，翻译为“与其说是理性的，倒不如说是更为直觉的”来修饰conviction，翻译同位语从句时，可用冒号引出从句内容。

　　参考译文 专题讨论会会后，我确立了一种与其说是理性的，倒不如说是更为直觉的信念:人类的实验心理学、理论语言学和认知过程的计算机模拟都是较大整体的组成部分;未来世界将会看到，它们共同关注的问题会进一步得到阐释和相互协调。

　　经典例题399 Marriage has become a purely individual pursuit;an implied and not very enforceable contract between two people;a relationship designed to satisfy basic needs for intimacy，dependency and sex.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是Marriage has become a…pursuit;an…contract…;a relatio nship…。两个分号连接三个并列的表语，第三个表语中designed to…过去分词作后置定语修饰relationship，原意为“设计以…”，这里动词介词化翻译为“旨在，在于”。

　　参考译文 婚姻已经成为纯粹的个人追求了，一份两个人之间含蓄的并非绝对强迫性的契约，一种旨在满足亲密、依靠和性的基本需要的关系。

　　经典例题400 Under this investment vehicle，you get no deduction for your contributions，but all money—principal and earnings—not only will be tax_free，but will not be subject to the10%penalty on early withdraws.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是Under this investment vehicle，you get no deduction…，but all money…not only will be tax_free，but will not be subject to the10%penalty on early withdraws。第一个but引出的后面所有部分与前句并列，意思递进;第二个but引出的句子跟在not only后，意思递进;principal and earnings作为插入成分修饰money;be subject to原意是“屈从于”，在这里翻译为“需要交纳”。

　　参考译文 在这种投资形式下，你的账户内的款项不会有扣除额，全部的钱，包括本金和工资，不仅是免税的，而且提前支取时也不需交纳10%的违约罚金。

　　经典例题401 The moon will acquire its first permanent base，and the human population living in space will rise steadily，as manufacturing develops aboard spacecraft and the resources of other planets are explored.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是The moon will acquire its first permanent base，and the human population…will rise steadily，as manufacturing develops and the resources of other planets are explored。and连接并列的简单句，第二个简单句中living in space现在分词作定语修饰population;最后有as引导的and连接的两个并列时间状语从句，表示伴随。第二个时间状语从句的翻译将被动转化为主动翻译。

　　参考译文 月球将获得它的第一个永久基地，而随着制造业在宇宙飞船上的发展，随着其他行星上资源勘探工作的进行，生活在太空中的人口将会稳步地增长。

　　经典例题402 These hands spoke of the stubbornness of mankind，of the will to work not only as one’s strength permits but beyond the limits of one’s power.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是These hands spoke of the stubbornness…，of the will to work not only as one’s strength permits but beyond the limits of one’s power。of the will与of the stubbornness并列，同时will受to work不定式修饰;not only引出as引导的时间状语从句，but跟有介宾结构，同样做work的状语。speak of在这里翻译为“述说”，stubbornness在这里翻译为“顽强”，而不是“顽固”。

　　参考译文 这双手诉说着人类的顽强，诉说着劳动的意志———不仅在体力允许的情况下，甚至在超出体力极限的情况下顽强坚持的那份劳动意志。

　　经典例题403 While most of my friends invested in car stereos that could rattle windows a block away，I stuck with the old original radio that barely picked up two stations on a good night.

　　结构分析:句子的框架是While most of my friends invested in car stereos…，I stuck with the old original radio…。while引导的句子与逗号后的句子并列，形成对比，并且前后两个句子都含有一个that引导的定语从句，分别修饰stereos和radio;stuck with这里同stuck to，意为“坚持”，picked up在这里根据上下文，翻译为“接收到”。

　　参考译文 当我大多数的朋友买了能将几条街区以外的玻璃窗震得格格作响的汽车立体声音响时，我一直在继续用原来那台即使在晴好的夜晚也只能勉强收到两个电台的旧收音机。