Clear & Concise

　　首先，7C原则中已经说到，表达要clear & concise。这个原则实在是太重要了，让我们再来看看clear and concise是怎么说的：我们中国人习惯“欲抱琵琶半遮面”，而美国人则喜欢“开门见山”，正是这种交流方式上的区别使得签证官和申请者直接的语言习惯产生了差异，为交流增加了障碍。当有些申请者从历史，地理，国家社会经济发展大环境

谈起，做无数重铺垫时，签证官在心里说：please be to the point！这个原则总被某些签证申请者忽略，总以为说的越多就越有理，越绕就越能标新立异，完全不顾听者的感受，这实在是个很大的误区。看看下面的例子，用大腿想都知道VO该让谁过让谁留了。

　　You know, China now is developing itself very quickly. The government invests a lot of money on the science and technology. There will be a considerable number of opportunities in China in the following years. Specifically, China needs the experts in *** field, so I will definitely come back.

　　I will come back and be a research scientist in *** research institute working on the key technology of ***, which is profitable in the coming years in China. Blabla

　　第二段话一句话概括了plan，并将归国理由定位为profitable。一针见血，把精华最早说出来，每一句话都在说实在的内容，都在试图引起签证官听下一句话的兴趣。

　　Clear是说要吐字清楚，发音正确，并且要准确的表达自己的意思。Clear的目标是让签证官最大限度听清并听懂你说的话。面谈时能说的话本来就不多，如果说的还胡里胡涂，那么就是在浪费自己的机会，最终很有可能因为没有有效地传递信息而被据，理由是签证官认为你没有足够交流能力。Concise是说要言简意赅，用最少的话说明全部的意思。逻辑最好直接，不要绕太多圈子，对大多数人来说，多重逻辑用中文说都有些费劲，换做用英语说就真的不知所云了。

　　This university stands on the leading position in my proposed research field. / It provides small-sized class education, which is difficult to find at home. / My proposed advisor digs deep in the research of ***, which helps him to become an IEEE fellow.

　　要做到clear & Concise，首先，我们不得不提出，优秀的口语对话能力重要的前提，而为此，申请者必须加强口语练习，很多人有思路，有逻辑，有想法，但就是张嘴speechless，说清楚一个事情必须费很多口舌，这样就明显无法做到Concise了，要是发音再不好，就连Clear都做不到了。其次，在签证现场，环境是比较嘈杂的，所以一定要大胆的说，大声的说，发音吐字尽量清楚，口语不太好的同学不要说太快，以保证Clear，让签证官听懂。最后，一定要时刻记住自己的原则，自己最重要的话，用简单的语言，尽可能早地表述出来。说话要有逻辑，要有中心，平时和别人对练时就应当注意好这一些问题。

　　Summary-Elaboration-Conclusion (SEC)

　　签证面试的另一个原则就是讲话的structure要遵从SEC结构。签证interview的一个非常显著的特点就是VO可能随时打断你，或者因为他对你说的不感兴趣，或者因为他没有耐心听下去，或者，他就是要让你紧张让你无所适从。所以，你要是本来准备了一番让天上嫦娥也心动的说辞，却因为被VO打断而不得不胎死腹中，那岂不是比窦娥还冤？所以，你在准备说辞的时候就要做好只说一半的打算！这样怎么说呢？其实有一个最好的师傅，那就是科研论文。F1-er们很多都写过论文吧，没写过，看也看过吧，IEEE的，applied physics的，没啃过些paper哪的拿到这么好学校嘛！把这些论文的结构现搬到我们的说辞里来就是perfect了！

　　大家看所有的论文第一部分都是summary吧，几句话就说清了这篇或长或短的文章作了什么事情，如果读者有兴趣，ok，接着看下去，如果没有，那就byebye。签证面试也一样，先用一句话言简意赅的说出的要说的重点意思，这就是summary。就像说为什么出国吧，先来个简单的summary：

　　I soberly know US has the very technology I need for my career in China, that is, electronic packaging. I did a careful survey about electronic packaging research labs in US Universities. All the 6 universities have research on this specified field.

　　如果签证官没兴趣接着听下去，没关系，他已经知道你做过详细的调查了，你的目的已经部分达到了；如果VO很有兴趣听下去你到底作了什么，那好，这就是论文读者进展到论文的主体部分了，生动活泼的把你的理论，把你的实验elaborate出来吧。

　　California Institute of technology has the largest power electronics research center, but unfortunately, I was not selected during application(坦诚) 。UCLA is my second choice because its numerical analysis in electronic packaging is really famous and it’s just the essential technology we haven’t mastered in China. Besides, UCLA is among the top universities in the US and has a really good reputation all over the world, so I trust its education qualities.

　　到了这一步，你的paper就已经差不多发出来了，签证官尚在洗耳恭听状？太好了，还有文章的conclusion部分呢：

　　My current supervisor recommended it to me and said it would help me with my future career in China.

　　整段说辞下来就是：

　　I soberly know US has the very technology I need for my career in China, that is, electronic packaging. I did a careful survey about electronic packaging research labs in US Universities. All the 6 universities have research on this specified field. California Institute of technology has the largest power electronics research center, but unfortunately, I was not selected during application. UCLA is my second choice because its numerical analysis in electronic packaging is really famous and it’s just the essential technology we haven’t mastered in China. Besides, UCLA is among the top universities in the US and has a really good reputation all over the world, so I trust its education qualities. My current supervisor recommended it to me and said it would help me with my future career in China.

　　说得那么细致，怎能不让人刮目相看？签证官一定会认为你的确是对此做过详细调研，认真思考，你的出国动机是很端正的。