7. While I was waiting to enter university, I saw (advertised in a local newspaper) a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived.

　　结构：共有3个谓语动词，主句的是saw。主句的原型是I saw a teaching post (advertised in a local newspaper) at a school in a suburb of London…。(advertised in a local newspaper)也是a teaching post的定语，但是分隔了saw和a teaching post。之所以把(advertised in a local newspaper)提到a teaching post之前，是因为主句的原型中，a teaching post的后置定语太长，容易造成理解上的混乱。

　　翻译：当我等待进入大学期间，我看到当地的一家报纸上登着一个教师职位的招聘广告，其所在的学校位于伦敦郊区，而那个地方离我的住处有大约10英里的路程。

　　8. The second aspect is the application (by all members of society from the government official to the ordinary citizen), of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.

　　结构：共有2个谓语动词，主句的是is。(by all members of society from the government official to the ordinary citizen)分隔了the application和它的定语of the special methods…。that引导的定语从句修饰the special methods。拆分为：

　　1) The second aspect is the application…of the special methods of thought and action.

　　2) Scientists use the special methods of thought and action in their work.

　　翻译：第二个方面是社会的全体成员，从政府官员到普通公民，都要使用科学家在他们的工作中所使用的那些特殊的思考和行动的方法。

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