11. The cessation(停止) of the employment of extraordinary means to prolong the life of the body when there is irrefutable evidence that biological death is imminent(即将来临的) is the decision of the patient and/or her immediate family.

　　结构：共有3个谓语动词，主句的是第三个is。主干是The cessation…is the decision…，但是主语与系动词之间被长长的定语of the employment…所分隔。that引导evidence的同位语从句。拆分为：

　　1) The cessation of the employment of extraordinary means to prolong the life of the body is the decision of the patient and/or her immediate family.

　　2) When there is irrefutable evidence.

　　3) That biological death is imminent.

　　翻译：当有确凿的证据证明病人即将进入生物死亡时，停止采用非常规手段来延长其生命的决定，应该由病人和(或)其直系亲属做出。

　　12. Although her characters were portrayed(描绘) in many settings and situations, they all reflected, (by the often tragic outcome of their lives), her profound conviction that no human could be happy if that happiness was rooted in the wretchedness(悲伤，痛苦) of another.

　　结构：共有4个谓语动词，主句的是reflected。(by the often tragic outcome of their lives)分隔了reflected和它的宾语her profound conviction。that引导了her profound conviction的同位语从句。拆分为：

　　1) Although her characters were portrayed(描绘) in many settings and situations.

　　2) The all reflected her profound conviction.

　　3) That no human could be happy.

　　4) If that happiness was rooted in the wretchedness of another.

　　翻译：虽然她描绘出的角色出现在各种背景和情节当中，但是由于这些角色经常都是以悲剧而告终，因此他们都能反映出她深深地相信，如果把快乐建立在别人的痛苦之上，那么没有人会真的快乐。

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