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中考英语常见错误H之二http://www.sina.com.cn
2008年03月16日 13:52 英语教师网
have ［误］ I had my boy do his homework from morning till noon. ［正］ I had my boy doing his homework from morning till noon. ［析］ 用have somebody do something还是doing something要取决句子的意思和句中的时间状语。 ［误］ I have my bike to repair. ［正］ I have my bike repaired. ［析］ have something done这一句型是让某事被别人去作，请看下面两句意义的不同：I have repaired my bike. (我自己已修好了自行车。)而I have my bike repaired.(我把车推出去让别人修理了。) ［误］ Could you give me some money if you have. ［正］ Could you give me some money if you have any. ［析］ "如果你有的话"一句译为英文应加上any一词，如：I want some books if there is any. headache ［误］ I've got headache. ［正］ I've got a headache. ［析］ Headache是一个规则的可数名词，所以可以讲：My mother often gets headaches. 但是"牙痛"toothache，"肚子痛"stomacheache等却都可以用作不可数名词，如：I've got toothache. 但也可用作可数名词。 hear ［误］ He was heard sing in the next room. ［正］ He was heard to sing in the next room. ［析］ hear somebody do something这一句式用于被动语态时要把原来省略的不定式to还原回来。而在hear somebody doing something这一句式中则不会出现上述问题。如，主动态：I heard her singing in the next room. 变为被动态时为：She was heard singing in the next room. 这种用法还适用于see, look, observe, watch, notice, listen to等。 hear listen to hear一词为听见了什么，或听到什么，强调其结果；而listen to则强调有意要听，听的倾向。如：I want to listen to you, but I hear nothing. 但词组hear about (of)则为"听说过"之意，如：I heard about this. (我听说过此事。)而hear from则为"收到某人信件"之意：I often hear from my girl friend. help ［误］ Please help my homework. ［正］ Please help me do my homework. ［正］ Please help me with my homework. ［析］ help其句型是help somebody do (to do) something. 意为"帮某人作某事"，但在较古老的语法中不带to的不定式表示句子的主语参加这个动作，如：He help his mother cook the meal. 即"他和母亲一起作饭。"而He help me to do my homework. 则是"他指导我做作业"。但在现代英语中这个区别则往往被取消了。所以带to与不带to的不定式在句中意思相同，并无区别。 ［误］ When I read the play I can't help to think of my childhood. ［正］ When I read the play I can't help thinking of my childhood. ［析］ can't help doing something是"身不由己，情不自禁做某事"。 ［误］ Help yourself with some cakes. ［正］ Help yourself to some cakes. ［析］ 中文中讲"你自己拿蛋糕吃"，英文中要用help somebody to something. 特别说明：由于各方面情况的不断调整与变化，新浪网所提供的所有考试信息仅供参考，敬请考生以权威部门公布的正式信息为准。
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