资料宝库:中考英语常见错误L系列2

http://www.sina.com.cn 2008年03月22日 12:27   英语教师网

  let 

  [误] The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.

  [正] The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.

  [析] 虽然let, have, make有相同的用法,但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。

  [误] Let's go to the park, will you?

  [正] Let's go to the park, shall we?

  [误] Let us go to the park, shall we?

  [正] Let us go to the park, will you?

  [析] Let's go的反意疑问句是shall we?而Let us go的反意疑问句则是will you?

  life 

  [误] Many people lost their life in the Second World War.

  [正] Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.

  [析] life作为"生命"、"性命"时应为可数名词;当泛指一般"生活"讲时则为不可数名词,如: Which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如: Life is not all fun.

  light 

  [误] There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.

  [正] There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.

  [析] light有两个过去分词: lighted和lit,当用过去分词作形容词当定语时只能用lighted.light可以用作名词,如: The moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容词,如: The classroom is very light. 还可以作动词,如: The little girl lit a match. 作形容词时还有"轻"、"浅"等意,如: This box is light. I like light blue.

  like 

  [误] My sister is very as me.

  [正] My sister is very like me.

  [析] as 作为连词其后要接从句,如: She is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介词,其后接宾语。

  [误] Do you like swimming with me tonight.

  [正] Would you like to swim with me tonight.

  [析] like作为动词当"喜欢"讲时,其后面可接不定式也可接动名词,用不定式多表达一个一次性的动作,如: I'm sorry I don't like to go swimming tonight. 用动名词则表示一个习惯性的动作,如: I like swimming very much.

  like alike 

  作为形容词,alike 一般不作定语,而只作表语,如; The twins are very alike.

  [误] Would you like swimming with us?

  [正] Would you like to swim with us?

  [析] 在would you like…这一句型中,其后面只能接不定式,而不能接动名词。like的用法还要注意以下两点: ① He likes Tom. 为"他喜欢汤姆。"② He is like Tom. 为"他像汤姆。"第二句话的like为介词,而第一句话的like为动词。

  listen 

  [误] You should hear the teahcer's advice.

  [正] You should listen to the teacher's advice.

  [析] hear多侧重于听到某事或某种声音,而listen to则侧重于听的倾向性。如: We listen but hear nothing. 例句为"听取某人意见",所以只能用listen to someone's advice.

  little 

  [误] Don't worry, there is little time.

  [正] Don't worry, there is a little time.

  [误] There is a little water. Shall I get some?

  [正] There is little water. Shall I get some?

  [析] 要注意中英文在同一问题上的表达法是不同的。如中文"水不多了,我去取点吧。"英文要讲"没水了,我去取点吧。"

  little small 

  little与small是近义词,在作定语时常常可以互换,如: a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表语,如: The car over there is small. 一句中不要用little. 作定语时little常常带有感情色彩,而small则带有对比的含义。

  live 

  [误] Tom lives with his parents' money.

  [正] Tom lives on his parents' money.

  [误] He lives on teaching.

  [正] He lives by teaching.

  [析] "靠吃某物为生"应用live on something, 而live by是"靠某种生活手段为生"。

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