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连接代词

http://www.sina.com.cn 2007年09月21日 00:02   北文图书

  56 连接代词

  * 疑问代词在引起从句时,都称为连接代词,包括who/whom/what/where/when/why/how,它们可以引起:

  a.主语从句:

  It hasn’t been announced who won the prizes.还没宣布谁获奖。

  It is clear enough what she meant. 她是什么意思很清楚。

  b.宾语从句:

  I don’t care what they think. 他们怎么想我不管。

  Ask her which he wants. 问她要哪一个。

  c.表语从句:

  The question is who(m) we should trust.问题是我们应当相信谁。

  What I want to know is which road we should take.我想知道的是我们应走哪条路。

  * 连接代词还可引起不定式,都用作宾语或介词的宾语:

  Tell him what to do. 告诉他怎样做。

  Lucy can’t decide which to choose. 露西不能决定选哪个好。

  They exchanged views on the question of whom to elect. 他们就该选谁的问题交换了意见。

  连接代词与连接/关系副词where/when/why/how的区别,另可参见第280节。

  57 关系代词型的what

  what有时作用接近关系代词,可引起从句。表示“the thing which...”,相当于一个“名词+定语从句”,例如:

  What I want to buy(=The thing I want to buy)is this. 我想买是这个。

  This is what I bought(=the thing I bought). 这是我买的东西。

  这种what可称为关系代词型的what(relative what)。因为在意思上它仿佛包含了一个关系代词。它引起的从句可以在句中作:

  a.主语:

  What I say goes! 我说了算!

  What is over is over.过去的事就过去了。

  b.宾语:

  I cannot do what they ask of us. 我不能做他们要求我们做的事。

  I could not express what I felt. 我没法表达内心的感受。

  c.介词的宾语:

  He can’t give a description of what he had seen. 他无法描述他看到的情况。

  I was not happy at what he had said. 我对他的话感到不快。

  d.表语:

  That’s what I hope.这是我的愿望。

  That’s what you should always keep in mind. 这是你经常要牢记在心的。

  e.插入语:

  She wore,what was very uncommon in the country,a mink fur coat. 她穿一件貂皮大衣,这在那个国家是很少见的。

  She happened to be home and what was rarer,disengaged. 他碰巧在家,而且没有什么事,这是更加少有的。

  在从句中what有时用作定语:

  What friends he has are out of the country. 他有的那些朋友全在国外。

  They collected what information he could find. 他们把能找到的资料都搜集起来。

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