完形题目实战流程示范

http://www.sina.com.cn 2008年01月19日 13:00   新东方

  第四章

  完形题目实战流程示范

  基于前文的理论讲解,在此将结合2001年全国高考卷的完形填空真题来模拟实战, 进行流程示范。希望同学们能从中得到一些更为具体和直观的认识。

  He has been called the “missing link”. Half-man, half-beast. He is supposed to live in the highest mountain in the world — Mount Everest.

  He is known as the Abominable Snowman. The (36) of the Snowman has been around for (37) . Climbers in the 1920s reported finding marks like those of human feet high up in the side of Mount Everest. The native people said they (38) this creature and called it the “Yeti”, and they said that they had (39) caught Yetis on two occasions (40) none has ever been produced as evidence(证据).

  Over the years, the story of the Yetis has (41) . In 1951, Eric Shipton took photographs of a set of tracks in the snow of Everest. Shipton believed that they were not (42) the tracks of a monkey or bear and (43) that the Abominable Snowman might really (44) .

  Further efforts have been made to find out about Yetis. But the only things people have ever found were (45) footprints. Most believe the footprints are nothing more than (46) animal tracks, which had been made (47) as they melted(融化) and refroze in the snow. (48) , in 1964, a Russian scientist said that the Abominable Snowman was (49) and was a remaining link with the prehistoric humans. But, (50) , no evidence has ever (51) been produced.

  These days, only a few people continue to take the story of the Abominable Snowman(52) . But if they ever (53) catching one, they may face a real (54) : Would they put it in a (55) or give it a room in a hotel?

  36. A. eventB. storyC. adventureD. description

  37. A. centuriesB. too longC. some timeD. many years

  38. A. heard fromB. cared forC. knew ofD. read about

  39. A. evenB. hardlyC. certainlyD. probably

  40. A. asB. thoughC. whenD. until

  41. A. developedB. changedC. occurredD. continued

  42. A. entirelyB. naturallyC. clearlyD. simply

  43. A. foundB. declaredC. feltD. doubted

  44. A. existB. escapeC. disappearD. return

  45. A. clearerB. moreC. possibleD. rare

  46. A. hugeB. recentC. ordinaryD. frightening

  47. A. strangeB. largeC. deepD. rough

  48. A. In the endB. ThereforeC. After allD. However

  49. A. imaginedB. realC. specialD. familiar

  50. A. soB. besidesC. againD. instead

  51. A. rightlyB. actuallyC. normallyD. particularly

  52. A. lightlyB. jokinglyC. seriouslyD. properly

  53. A. succeed inB. insist onC. depend onD. join in

  54. A. decisionB. situationC. subjectD. problem

  55. A. zooB. mountainC. museumD. laboratory

  一、 重视首句 快速浏览

  刚拿到这篇完形的时候, 不要急着一头扎进字母组合的海洋里, 一定要先扫一眼整篇文章的全貌。粗粗一眼扫去, 文章不算长, 分了五段。除了第一段没有挖空, 相对较短, 后面的四段基本上是平均用墨的, 所以文章应该是重心平衡的类型, 不会是最后抖包袱那种, 阅读时着力应相对平均。另外, 文章中还出现了两个中文注释, 分别是“证据”和“融化”。我们都知道“证据”是可作为证明用的事实依据。那么什么样的场合会出现这个字眼呢?可能是在法庭上, 也有可能会在科学研究中。“融化”一词表达出的信息就更多了: 从时间上来说, 可能是在冬天, 地点可能是在南北极或者雪山之类。分析到这里, 虽然我们一个单词都还没有开始阅读, 但是对于文章的长短、 难度、 分布和相关背景都有了一个大致的了解, 做到了心中有数。可见, 完形中的大量信息完全可以通过分析和推断具体文字之外的内容来获取。

  可见, 一上手就做题是解完形填空题的大忌。做事做题都要“用脑子”, 不要用蛮力。如果为了节省时间, 直接就盲目地边读边做题, 这么一来就对文章没有宏观的认识, 把握不了语篇的连贯性和逻辑关系, 断章取义的结果就会一错再错。本来想事半功倍, 最后却适得其反。

  接下来就要处理首句, 有道是“射人先射马, 擒贼先擒王。”一定要用十成功力去把文字读透, 充分提取信息。

  He has been called the “missing link”. Half-man, half-beast. He is supposed to live in the highest mountain in the world-Mount Everest.(2001年)

  本文首段三句话都没有挖空, 就给我们解题提供了有效的信息支持。第一句和第三句都是被动语态, 神秘人物“he”没有直接出现, 被call(称为)和被suppose(猜想)的动作发出者都是人们(people)。第一句里的“missing link”告诉我们两点信息: 第一, 原来存在; 第二, 后来丢(missing)了。第二句很简练, 是一个省略句, 可以得出要说明的对象是一个half-man, half-beast(半人半兽的动物)。明确了说明的对象, 就能够更好地掌握说明的具体内容。第三句中出现了一个形容词的最高级“the highest”, 普通人对这个地方定是知之甚少。看来这个“半兽人”还真是不寻常。

  对首句读通读透之后, 接着向后快速浏览, 纵览全文会发现很多表示时间的标志词, 例如“in the 1920s”, “Over the years”, “In 1951”, “in 1964”, “These days”等等, 说明了文章是按照时间顺利来前进的, 只要我们把握了时间线索, 对理解文章的脉络和结构一定会有所帮助。文章中还出现了不少人名, 各种关系纷繁复杂, 多家观点层出不穷。我们在读文章的时候就要做好标注和笔记, 以帮助我们梳理文章线索, 把握文章脉络。

  

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