四级阅读长句理解要点

　　小编前言：阅读是四级英语中重要的得分点和难点，对长难句的分析则决定了对阅读的彻底理解，也是学习语法，积累高级词汇、句型不可或缺的来源。而四级英语真题阅读部分均选自Times、Telegraph等著名外文报纸及杂志，其行文和词汇原汁原味，值得考生细细品味和灵活借鉴。准备2013年12月英语四级的同学们，还等什么？赶快学起来吧！同时，欢迎各位考生针对例句的翻译及分析给出自己的理解哦！

　　1. Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham, were the long distance western routes where ridership had been declining significantly. (2000. 阅读. Text 3)

　　【译文】美国铁路客运公司和它的广告商DDB Needham主要关注的是客运量一直显著减少的西部长途线路。

　　【析句】本例句的整体句型是倒装句，of major concern to.。。实际上是句子的表语，真正的主句是the long distance western routes,where ridership has been declining.。。作western routes的定语从句。正常的语序应该是The long distance western routes where...were of major concern to...。正因为where引导的定语从句比较长，所以使用倒装避免句子头重脚轻。

　　2. Therefore, the task for DDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order to change their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains would be considered for travel in the west. (2000. 阅读. Text 3)

　　【析句】因此，DDB Needham广告公司的任务是鼓励旅客考虑乘火车旅行的其他方面的优点，从而使他们改变态度，更有可能选择乘火车去西部。

　　【析句】复合句，结构比较简单。主句虽长，但仍是简单句，the task was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order to change their attitudes and increase the likelihood，包含短语encourage sb to do，in order to作目的状语，后面跟有两个并列动词change and increase。最后that trains would be considered.。。作likelihood的同位语。

　　3. Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains (Empire Builder, etc. ) . (2000. 阅读. Text 3)

　　【译文】广告展示了某些知名的西部线路岩土的美丽风景，并突出了某些火车的富有浪漫色彩的名字(如开国英雄等)。

　　【析句】复合句。主句Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery,that引导the beautiful scenery的定语从句，定语从句中that为主语，有两个并列的谓语动词could be enjoyed和emphasized。