有很多事情可以做。科学家可以“采用”中学课堂来介绍自己的研究，展示实验结果。他们应该对报刊的读者来信及时做出反应，以防止动物权利的误导言论不受质疑、披上真理的骗人外衣。科研机构应该对外开放允许人们参观，向大家展示实验室里的动物如何获得悉心的照顾。最后，因为最终的受益质是病人，医疗研究机构不仅应该积极争取斯蒂芬•库柏这样的名人的支持——他对动物实验的价值勇敢地进行了肯定——而且应该争取所有接受治疗的病人的支持。如果好人袖手旁观，还真有可能让不明真相的人们扑灭医学进步中珍贵的火种。

　　Text 3

　　In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into supersystems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.

　　Supporters of the new super systems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.

　　The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.

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