10.This is not an easy lesson to learn, especially when we are young and think that the world is ours to command, that whatever we desire (with the full force of our passionate being) can be ours.

　　结构：本句有6个谓语动词，其中主句的谓语动词为is。think后面有两个并列的由that引导的宾语从句，而第二个宾语从句里面有一个由whatever引导的主语从句。(with the full force of our passionate being)分隔了主语从句和其谓语can be。being是动名词。本句可以拆分为：

　　1) This is not an easy lesson to learn.

　　2) Especially when we are young and think.

　　3) That the world is ours to command.

　　4) That whatever we desire can be ours.

　　翻译：这不是容易学会的一课，尤其是当我们还年轻，认为这个世界是由我们掌控，而且认为无论我们渴望得到什么，只要充满激情、全力以赴，就能实现。

　　11.More than three million people live in inner London, and nearly five million people live in the surrounding suburban area, which is made up of formerly separate villages that have merged to form what is now called outer London.

　　结构：本句有5个谓语动词，其中主句的谓语动词为两个并列的live。which引导非限定性定语从句修suburban area；that引导定语从句修饰villages，而what引导form的宾语从句。可以拆分为：

　　1) More than … people live in inner London.

　　2) And nearly five million people live in …area.

　　3) The area is made up of … villages.

　　4) The villages have merged to form.

　　5) What is now called outer London.

　　翻译：三百多万人住在伦敦市区，将近五百多万人住在周边郊区——该地区由以前分散的村庄组成，后来逐渐合并形成今天所谓的外部伦敦。

　　12.The journey and the stay are (by definition) outside the normal places of residence and work and are of short-term and temporary nature, and there is a clear intention to return home within a relatively short period of time.

　　结构：本句有三个并列的主句谓语动词。两个are的共同主语是the journey and the stay。(by definition)分割了are和表语outside the normal places。nature在这里表示“本质、性质”的意思。本句可以拆分为：

　　1) The journey and the stay are outside the normal places of residence and work.

　　2) The journey and the stay are of short-term and temporary nature.

　　3) There is a clear intention to return home …

　　翻译：(旅游中的)旅程和停留从定义上讲是在通常的居住和工作处所之外的，而且有一种短暂的性质。在短期之内，还要有一个明确的回家的意图。

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